An sake duba wannan labarin bisa ga tsare-tsare da manufofin editan Kimiyya X. Editocin sun jaddada halaye masu zuwa yayin da suke tabbatar da ingancin abun ciki:
Batirin lithium-ion mai sharar gida daga wayoyin hannu, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka da ɗimbin motocin lantarki suna ta taruwa, amma har yanzu zaɓuɓɓukan sake amfani da su sun iyakance ga ƙonewa ko narkar da batir ɗin da suka gaza. Hanyoyin da ake amfani da su na yanzu na iya haifar da matsalolin muhalli kuma suna da wuyar samar da tattalin arziki akan sikelin masana'antu.
Hanyoyin al'ada suna sake sarrafa wasu kayan baturi kuma sun dogara da caustic alkalis, inorganic acid da sinadarai masu haɗari waɗanda zasu iya gabatar da ƙazanta. Ciro karafa masu mahimmanci kuma yana buƙatar rabuwa da hazo. Duk da haka, sake yin amfani da karafa irin su cobalt da lithium na iya rage gurbatar yanayi, dogaro da hanyoyin kasashen waje da toshe hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki.
Masu bincike a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Oak Ridge na Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka sun kammala hanyar narkar da batura a cikin wani bayani na ruwa don rage adadin sinadarai masu haɗari da ake amfani da su a cikin aikin. An buga binciken su a cikin mujallar Makamashi Materials Storage.
Magani mai sauƙi, mai inganci kuma mai dacewa da muhalli wanda masu binciken ORNL suka kirkira ya shawo kan manyan matsalolin da aka fuskanta tare da hanyoyin da suka gabata.
Ana jiƙa batir ɗin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin maganin Organic citric acid (wanda aka samo shi a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa citrus) wanda aka narkar da shi a cikin ethylene glycol, maganin daskarewa da aka saba amfani dashi a cikin kayan masarufi kamar fenti da kayan shafawa. Citric acid yana fitowa daga tushe mai ɗorewa kuma yana da aminci don ɗauka fiye da inorganic acid. Wannan maganin da ke da alaƙa da muhalli yana ba da ingantaccen tsari don rarrabuwa da sake sarrafa karafa a cikin ingantaccen cajin lantarki na baturi, wanda ake kira cathode.
"Saboda cathode ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu mahimmanci, shi ne mafi tsada a cikin kowane baturi, wanda ya kai fiye da kashi 30 na farashinsa," in ji Yaokai Bai, memba na ƙungiyar binciken baturi na ORNL. "Tsarin mu zai iya rage farashin batir akan lokaci." An gudanar da binciken ne a cibiyar kera batir ta Oak Ridge National Laboratory, mafi girman bincike da ci gaban batir a cikin Amurka.
Fasahar sarrafa kayan da aka haɓaka a wurin tana ba da damar kusan 100% na cobalt da lithium don fitar da su daga cathode ba tare da shigar da ƙazanta a cikin tsarin ba. Hakanan yana da ikon raba mafita na karfe da sauran ragowar yadda yakamata. Mafi kyawun duka, aikinsa na biyu shine dawo da sama da 96% na cobalt a cikin ƴan sa'o'i ba tare da ƙara ƙarin sinadarai ba, wanda galibi tsari ne mai rikitarwa don daidaita matakan acid.
"Wannan shi ne karo na farko da tsarin mafita guda ɗaya ya shafi ayyukan leaching da sarrafawa," in ji jagoran bincike Lu Yu. "Yana da ban sha'awa ganin cewa cobalt ya yi hazo kuma ya zauna ba tare da wani tashin hankali ba. Ba mu yi tsammanin hakan ba."
Kawar da buƙatar ƙarin sinadarai yana rage farashi kuma yana guje wa samar da samfurori ko sharar gida na biyu. "Mun yi farin ciki da cewa wannan tsarin sake amfani da masana kimiyyar mu zai iya ba da damar sake yin amfani da kayan batir masu mahimmanci," in ji Ilyas Belharouaq, mai bincike na kamfanoni kuma darektan Sashen Wutar Lantarki a Laboratory National Oak Ridge.
Bai ce an yi nazarin abubuwan da ke cikin leaching na citric acid da ethylene glycol a baya, amma wannan hanyar ta yi amfani da yawan acid da yanayin zafi kuma ba ta da tasiri.
"Mun yi mamakin yadda sauri ya fito daga mafita," in ji Bai. "Tare da kwayoyin acid yawanci yana ɗaukar awanni 10 zuwa 12, amma wannan ya ɗauki awa ɗaya kawai." Maganin gargajiya ta hanyar amfani da acid inorganic suma suna da hankali saboda suna ɗauke da ruwa, wanda maƙarƙashiyarsa ta iyakance yawan zafin jiki.
Ƙarin bayani: Lu Yu et al., Ingantacciyar rabuwa da hazo don sauƙaƙan sake amfani da cathode, Kayan Ajiye Makamashi (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2023.103025
Idan kun ci karo da rubutu, kuskure, ko kuna son ƙaddamar da buƙatar gyara abun ciki a wannan shafin, da fatan za a yi amfani da wannan fom. Don tambayoyi na gaba ɗaya, da fatan za a yi amfani da fam ɗin tuntuɓar mu. Don amsa gabaɗaya, yi amfani da sashin ra'ayoyin jama'a da ke ƙasa (bi jagororin).
Ra'ayin ku yana da mahimmanci a gare mu. Koyaya, saboda girman saƙon, ba za mu iya bada garantin keɓaɓɓen amsa ba.
Ana amfani da adireshin imel ɗin ku kawai don gaya wa masu karɓa waɗanda suka aiko imel ɗin. Ba za a yi amfani da adireshin ku ko adireshin mai karɓa don wata manufa ba. Bayanin da kuka shigar zai bayyana a cikin imel ɗin ku kuma Tech Xplore ba zai adana shi ta kowace hanya ba.
Wannan gidan yanar gizon yana amfani da kukis don sauƙaƙe kewayawa, bincika amfanin ku na ayyukanmu, tattara bayanan keɓancewar talla, da samar da abun ciki daga ɓangare na uku. Ta amfani da gidan yanar gizon mu, kun yarda cewa kun karanta kuma kun fahimci Manufar Sirrin mu da Sharuɗɗan Amfani.