I. Haɗin gwiwar tsarin samar da wutar lantarki
Tsarin wutar lantarki ya ƙunshi rukunin ƙwayoyin rana, mai sarrafa hasken rana, baturi (ƙungiyar).Idan ikon fitarwa shine AC 220V ko 110V kuma don haɓaka kayan aiki, kuna buƙatar saita mai inverter da mai amfani da mai sauya mai hankali.
1.Solar cell array wato hasken rana
Wannan shi ne mafi tsakiyar ɓangaren tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana, babban aikinsa shine canza hasken rana zuwa wutar lantarki, don inganta aikin kaya.Kwayoyin hasken rana sun kasu kashi na monocrystalline silicon too sel, polycrystalline silicon solar cell, amorphous silicon solar cells.Kamar yadda ƙwayoyin silicon monocrystalline fiye da sauran nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan guda biyu masu ƙarfi, tsawon rayuwar sabis (gaba ɗaya har zuwa shekaru 20), ingantaccen canjin hoto na hoto, wanda ya haifar da zama batirin da aka fi amfani dashi.
2.Mai kula da cajin hasken rana
Babban aikinsa shi ne sarrafa yanayin tsarin gaba ɗaya, yayin da baturi ya yi yawa, fiye da fitarwa don taka rawar kariya.A wuraren da zafin jiki ya yi ƙasa sosai, yana da aikin diyya na zafin jiki.
3.Fakitin baturi mai zurfin zagayowar rana
Baturi kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa shine ajiyar wutan lantarki, ana adana shi ne ta hanyar canza wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana, gabaɗaya baturan gubar-acid, ana iya sake sarrafa shi sau da yawa.
A cikin duka tsarin kulawa.Wasu kayan aikin suna buƙatar samar da wutar lantarki 220V, 110V AC, kuma fitowar hasken rana kai tsaye shine 12VDc, 24VDc, 48VDc.Don haka don samar da wutar lantarki zuwa 22VAC, 11OVAc kayan aiki, tsarin dole ne a ƙara DC / AC inverter, da hasken rana photovoltaic ikon samar da tsarin za a samar a cikin DC ikon zuwa AC ikon.
Na biyu, ka'idar samar da hasken rana
Mafi sauƙaƙan ƙa'idar samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana shine abin da muke kira sinadarai, wato canza makamashin hasken rana zuwa wutar lantarki.Wannan tsari na jujjuya shine tsari na hasken rana na hasken rana ta hanyar abin da ke cikin semiconductor zuwa makamashin lantarki, yawanci ana kiransa "sakamakon hoto", ana yin sel ta hanyar amfani da wannan tasirin.
Kamar yadda muka sani, lokacin da hasken rana ya haskaka kan semiconductor, wasu na'urorin daukar hoto suna fitowa daga sama, sauran kuma ko dai semiconductor ne ya shafe shi ko kuma ya watsa shi ta hanyar semiconductor, wanda na'urar ta shafe ta, ba shakka, wasu sun zama zafi, wasu kuma suna watsawa. wasu ~ photons suna cin karo da na'urorin lantarki na atomatik waɗanda suka haɗa da semiconductor, don haka suna samar da nau'i-nau'i na electron-hole.Ta wannan hanyar, hasken rana don samar da nau'i-nau'i-nau'i na electron a cikin nau'i na canzawa zuwa makamashin lantarki, sannan ta hanyar semiconductor na ciki na filin lantarki, don samar da wani halin yanzu, idan wani yanki na baturi ta hanyoyi daban-daban da aka haɗa zuwa. samar da wutar lantarki da yawa na yanzu, don fitar da wutar lantarki.
Na uku, nazarin tsarin tattara hasken rana na mazaunin Jamus (ƙarin hotuna)
Dangane da amfani da makamashin hasken rana, ya zama ruwan dare don shigar da injin bututun ruwa mai amfani da hasken rana akan rufin.Wannan injin gilashin bututun ruwa mai zafin rana yana da ƙarancin farashin siyarwa da tsari mafi sauƙi.Duk da haka, wannan amfani da ruwa a matsayin matsakaicin zafi na masu amfani da ruwa na hasken rana, tare da haɓakar amfani da lokaci mai amfani, a cikin bututun gilashin gilashin da ke cikin bangon ajiyar ruwa, zai zama ma'auni mai kauri, tsararraki. na wannan Layer na sikelin, zai rage thermal yadda ya dace na injin gilashin bututu, sabili da haka, wannan na kowa vacuum tube hasken rana heaters, kowane 'yan shekaru amfani lokaci, da bukatar cire gilashin tube, dauki wasu matakai don aiwatar da sikelin. A cikin bututu Amma wannan tsari, yawancin masu amfani da gida na yau da kullun ba su san wannan yanayin ba.Game da matsalar sikeli a cikin injin bututun gilashin hasken rana, bayan dogon lokacin amfani, masu amfani kuma na iya zama da wahala sosai don yin aikin cire sikelin, amma ci gaba da yin amfani da su.
Bugu da kari, a cikin hunturu, irin wannan injin gilashin tube hasken rana ruwa hita, saboda mai amfani da tsoron hunturu sanyi, sakamakon daskarewa tsarin, mafi yawan iyalai, m kuma za su zama hasken rana hita a cikin ajiya na ruwa, emptying fita a cikin. gaba, a cikin hunturu ba a daina amfani da wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana.Haka kuma, idan sararin sama bai dade da haske sosai ba, hakan kuma zai shafi yadda aka saba amfani da wannan injin bututun gilashin hasken rana.A yawancin ƙasashen Turai, irin wannan na'ura mai amfani da hasken rana tare da ruwa kamar yadda hanyar canja wurin zafi ba ta da yawa.Yawancin ƙasashen Turai masu dumama ruwa mai amfani da hasken rana, na ciki shine amfani da ƙarancin guba na propylene glycol antifreeze, a matsayin matsakaicin matsakaicin zafi.Don haka, irin wannan na'ura mai amfani da hasken rana ba ya amfani da ruwa, a lokacin sanyi, muddin akwai rana a sararin sama, za a iya amfani da shi, babu tsoron damuna na damuna.Tabbas, ba kamar na'urorin lantarki masu sauƙi na cikin gida ba, inda za'a iya amfani da ruwan da ke cikin tsarin kai tsaye bayan an gama zafi, masu amfani da hasken rana a ƙasashen Turai suna buƙatar shigar da tankin ajiyar zafi a cikin ɗakin kayan aiki na cikin gida wanda ya dace da rufin rufin. masu tara hasken rana.A cikin tankin ajiyar zafi, ana amfani da ruwa mai sarrafa zafi na propylene glycol don matsar da zafin hasken rana wanda masu tattara hasken rana ke sha a jikin ruwa a cikin tankin ajiya ta hanyar radiator tube na jan karfe a cikin siffar karkace diski don samar da masu amfani. tare da ruwan zafi na cikin gida ko ruwan zafi don tsarin zafi mai zafi na cikin gida mai ƙarancin zafin jiki, watau dumama bene, bi da bi.Bugu da kari, na'urorin dumama ruwa a kasashen turai, galibi suna hadawa da sauran na'urorin dumama, irinsu, na'urorin sarrafa iskar gas, tukunyar mai, famfo mai zafi na kasa, da dai sauransu, don tabbatar da samar da ruwan zafi na yau da kullun ga masu amfani da gida.
Jamus masu zaman kansu masu zaman kansu amfani da makamashin hasken rana - sashin hoto mai tattara faranti
Shigar da fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen buraka masu tara hasken rana a kan rufin waje
Shigar da rufin waje na fale-falen fale-falen masu tattara hasken rana guda 2 (kuma ana iya gani, siginar TV ɗin tauraron dan adam mai kama da malam buɗe ido yana karɓar eriya akan rufin)
Shigar da faranti 12 masu tattara hasken rana akan rufin waje
Shigar da fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen buraka masu tara hasken rana a kan rufin waje
Shigar da rufin waje na fale-falen fale-falen masu tattara hasken rana guda 2 (kuma ana iya gani, sama da rufin, tare da hasken sama)
Shigar rufin waje na fale-falen fale-falen masu tattara hasken rana guda biyu (kuma ana iya gani, siginar tauraron dan adam mai kama da siginar talabijin mai karɓar eriya da aka shigar akan rufin; saman rufin, akwai hasken sama)
Ƙirƙirar rufin waje na fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen hasken rana tara (kuma ana iya gani, siginar tauraron dan adam mai kama da siginar TV ɗin da ke karɓar eriya da aka shigar akan rufin; saman rufin, akwai fitilu shida)
Ƙirƙirar rufin waje na fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen buraka na hasken rana guda shida (kuma ana iya gani, sama da rufin, shigar da tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana 40)
Ƙirƙirar rufin waje na bangarorin masu tattara hasken rana guda biyu (kuma ana iya gani, an shigar da rufin parabolic malam buɗe ido tauraron dan adam siginar TV mai karɓar eriya; sama da rufin, akwai hasken sama; sama da rufin, shigarwa na 20 hasken rana photovoltaic ikon samar da tsarin bangarori )
Rufin waje, shigarwa na nau'in nau'in nau'in farantin karfe masu tara hasken rana, wurin ginin.
Rufin waje, shigarwa na nau'in nau'in nau'in farantin karfe masu tara hasken rana, wurin ginin.
Rufin waje, shigarwa na nau'in nau'in nau'in farantin karfe masu tara hasken rana, wurin ginin.
Rufin waje, lebur faranti mai karɓar hasken rana, ɗan kusa kusa.
Rufin waje, lebur faranti mai karɓar hasken rana, ɗan kusa kusa.
A cikin rufin gidan, ana shigar da masu tara hasken rana da kuma bangarori don tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana a saman rufin;A cikin ɗakin kayan aiki a cikin ginshiƙi na ƙasan gidan, ana shigar da tukunyar ruwa mai zafi da iskar gas da tankunan ajiyar ruwan zafi mai haɗaɗɗen zafi, da kuma "inverters" don musayar wutar lantarki na DC da AC a cikin tsarin samar da wutar lantarki.", da majalisar kulawa don haɗi zuwa grid na wutar lantarki na waje, da sauransu.
Bukatun ruwan zafi na cikin gida sune: ruwan zafi na gida a wurin wanki;dumama bene - dumama karkashin kasa, da kuma zafi canja wurin ruwa a cikin ƙananan zafin jiki ruwan zafi mai haske tsarin dumama.
Akwai nau'ikan masu tattara hasken rana guda 2 da aka girka akan rufin;tukunyar tukunyar ruwan zafi mai ɗorewa ta bango da aka sanya a cikin gida;cikakken tankin ajiyar ruwan zafi na musayar zafi da aka sanya;da goyan bayan bututun ruwan zafi (ja), dawo da bututun ruwa (blue), da wurin canja wurin zafi mai matsakaicin kwarara a cikin tsarin tattara hasken rana, da kuma tankin faɗaɗa.
Akwai rukunoni 2 na fale-falen fale-falen masu tattara hasken rana da aka sanya akan rufin;tukunyar tukunyar ruwan zafi mai ɗorewa ta bango da aka sanya a cikin gida;hadedde zafi musayar tankin ruwan zafi mai zafi shigar;da goyan bayan bututun ruwan zafi (ja), dawo da bututun ruwa (blue), da kuma canja wurin zafi matsakaicin wuraren sarrafa kwararar ruwa a cikin tsarin tattara hasken rana, da sauransu. Amfani da ruwan zafi: samar da ruwan zafi na gida;dumama isar da ruwan zafi.
Akwai fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen buraka masu tara hasken rana da aka sanya a kan rufin;tukunyar ruwa mai zafi na iskar gas da aka sanya a cikin ginshiƙi;cikakken tankin ajiyar ruwan zafi na musayar zafi da aka sanya;da tallafawa bututun ruwan zafi (ja) da mayar da bututun ruwa (blue).Amfani da ruwan zafi: gidan wanka, fuska wanke, wanka ruwan zafi na gida;dafa abinci ruwan zafi na gida;dumama zafi canja wurin ruwan zafi.
